Biophysics of blood in chronic renal failure

Rennin, aldosterone and kidney functions besides conductivity and viscosity of blood of chronic renal failure patients either non dialyzed or under regular hemodialysis were studied. The obtained data revealed an increment of rennin and aldosterone coupled with disorder in kidney functions. Regular hemodialysis has a pronounced effect through volume decrease of the extracellular fluid. This decrement comes from the volume depletion which is in its turn related to the plasma rennin activity. The reflection of these results appeared as an amelioration in blood pressure, viscosity and conductivity due to shift of water and toxic materials out of the blood

Investigation of urinary calculi by infrared and emission spectrography

A complete picture about the structure and the composition of urinary calculi is found by both IR and emission spectra of the elements. From the results it is adviced that these techniques could help in differentiation between deferent types of calculi

Nasal drops and mixture of liver protecting herbs relating to hepatitis C-virus treatment

Cell-sap of two wild plants, after separation of toxic agents were used as antiviral in the form of nasal drops. The extract is tested as antiviral of different strains. The result provides considerable encouragement for the eventual control of hepatitis virus infection. These drops are of great values if it administrated in combine with oral herbs protecting liver

Dipole moment of human hemoglobin in normal working condition and leukemic cases

The human hemoglobin dipole moments are measured in working conditions for normal and leukemic cases. Use is made of Rizk-Elanwar and Kirkwood's equations to calculate the dipole moment at 37 degree. The concentration of the used dilute aqueous solutions of hemoglobin are ranged from:-0.685 X 10[-5] to 5.48 X 10[-5] mole/liter. The obtained results are discussed and correlated to the molecular structure

Some biophysical parameters for detection of heterozygotes B-thalassemia

Heparinized blood was taken from cases of homozygotes Beta and Beta [+] thalassemic children together with their parents as heterozygotes. In addition, samples were taken from iron deficiency anemia, glucose-6- phosphate dehydrogenase deficiency [G-6-pD], sickel cell anemia and normal control samples. Hemoglobin absorption spectra, base and acid buffer capacities, electrophoretical pattern, thermodynamic parameters, conductivity and viscosity of Hb were investigated. The obtained data revealed a four times in base buffer capacity regarding homozygotes compared with control and two time regarding heterozygotes. Hyperchromicity of globin band and half width of the area under Soret band showed a pronounced increase in homozygotes and heterozygotes as well as a drop in A 578/A 542 ratio concomitant with the appearance of a new band at 630 nm. In addition, in homozygotes and heterozygotes a turning point thereshold and decrease in the slope of linear relationship between natural logarithm of spin state constant versus 1/T was detected respectively. The obtained data revealed also that conductivity was 0.7 X 10[-3] [ohm[-1] cm[-1]] and 0.3 X 10[-3] [ohm[-1] .cm[-1]] of control values regarding homozygotes and heterozygotes respectively. Thus, it is easy to detect heterozygotes according ot these biophysical parameters

Effect of magnetic field and separate poles on NADH-methemoglobin reductase system

Of south and/or north poles [1000 Gauss] on erythrocyte metabolism of ketotic patients who possessed high methemoglobin percent were studied. Subjecting the South Pole to the sample leads to increase the activity of this system and consequently decrease the percent of Met-Hb. This increase is attributed to the enhancement of electron transport through the system. The same effect was observed, but to a lesser extent when the sample was subjected to both the north and south poles. While an inhibitory effect was noticed with the North Pole facing the sample. These results are due to the effect of south and/or North Pole static fields on the kinetics of these metalloenzymes that contain transition metals of paramagnetic properties

Effect of different magnetic fields on hemoglobin

The effect of static magnetic fields from south and/or north poles [1000 Gauss], on the absorption spectrum, hemoglobin pattern, the thermodynamic parameters and the hemoglobin active sites were studied. The same magnetic field effects were carried out on hemoglobin of different ligands. Subjecting, or facing the samples to the south pole of the permanent magnet leads to the elevation of globin-heme and heme-heme interactions concomitant with a drop in the amount of methemoglobin and carboxyhemoglobin. Moreover, when this same pole faces carboxyhemoglobin a cleavage to hemoglobin and free carbon monoxide was detected. These parameters were less pronounced on applying both the north and south poles around the sample. Facing the sample to north pole of the magnet reversed the effect. In this case the entropy and enthalpy were increased. Moreover, the salt bridge which fixed the carbon terminals of the Hb submits was affected leading to partial dissociation to dimer and monomer

Magnetic field as a treatment of osteoarthritis of the knee

The sounds that may be produced from knee movements of normal subjects and the knee noises produced in osteoarthritis patients were recorded and displayed as signals by a sensory microphone, magnetic tape, amplifier, recorder and memory oscilloscope [new assessment with highly significant reproducibility]. Normal subjects possessed only one type of wave form, simple sinesoidal with minimum amplitude whereas, osteoarthritis cases possessed more than one type of signals such as complex, pulsed, diphasic and polyphasic with high amplitude. Application of magnetic field as magnet sheet of 1500 gw led to amelioration appearing as a decrease in both frequency and amplitude, while chronic knee exposure minimized the types of signals as well as frequency and amplitude. This amelioration which appeared from phonoarthrography coincided with X-ray grading and pain score. This effect was attributed to the improvement of the knee microcirculation

interrelationship between Zinc; Copper and Iron in Lead intoxicated subjects

Inhibition of Hb biosynthesis in lead intoxicated subjects appears as a result of disorder in the interaction of Cu, Zn and Fe ions on delta-Am-inolevulinic acid dehydratase. [ALA-D]. Elevation of free serum copper and decrease of serum iron and zinc are the main cause of ALAD inhibition. Thus, it is safe to suggest that administration of Zn orally leads to replacement of cu from catalytic sites of this enzyme which is known as a zinc dependent enzyme

Affinity of hemoglobin to oxygen of lead poisoned subjects

Changes in the hemoglobin-oxygen dissociation curve and the factors which influence its position were studied in lead poisoned subjects as compared to normal controls. Hemgolobin showed a lower than normal affinity for 02, and this could be considered as a protection against tissue anoxia. It is of interest to notice that 2,3 DPG and plasma inorganic phosphate were elevated with lead poisoning increment

Serum total and tartarate labile acid phosphatase activities and serum zinc content in chronic prostatic enlargement before and after local injection with zinc sulphate

In chronic prostatic enlargement, the local injection of two zinc sulphate doses, each of 0.5 ml of 1 percent aqueous sterile solution at 15 days intervals resulted in normalization of both serum total and tartarate labile acid phosphatase activities after being significantly elevated, and serum zinc level after being very highly decreased before treatment. Seven oral zinc acetate treatments, 10 mg daily showed less response as compared with local injection such a finding together with the amelioration of the clinical condition and subsidence of the unfavorable side complications, as well as shrinkage of the size of the prostate gland suggest a possible role of zinc deficiency in the development of the prostatic enlargement

Biophysical studies of hemoglobin absorption spectra in subjects from hormonal disturbance

Absorption spectra of oxy hemoglobin [1.3 X10 [5] M] of 116 females receiving oral contraceptives together with 20 controls of parallel age and in the same socioeconomic conditions were studied. Band of spin slate at lampda .max =578 nm., or heme-heme interaction is greatly decreased in the case of contraceptive treatment as well as in Juvenile diabetes. This finding indicates a change in oxygen earring capacity of hemoglobin. Decreases in Sorest band as well as at lampda max. 542 nm. and 578 nm are attributed to the changes in Fe-N bond lengths. No shift was detected in the visible region of alpha the hemoglobin absorption spectrum due to aggressive treatment with contraceptives and absolute deficiency of insulin. A slight shift which was only observed in the free from spectrum of subjects taken contraceptives proved that oxyhemoglobin exist in intermediate spin state. Stabilization of hemoglobin or hemoglobin interaction was greatly affected only in subject with juvenile diabetes, existing in pre-coma. Low equilibrium constant of spin state of these subjects was noticed concomitant with high free energy. Attention should be drawn to decrease in the ratio of lampda 578/lampda 542 and the appearance of a new band at 630 nm which indicates the conversion to methemoglobin suggesting an effect in oxidation-reduction potential, namely methemoglobin reductase system

Fate of incorporated 1,4-C 14 succinic acid in corn seedlings grown under saturated atmosphere of Co2 and normal conditions

Radioactivity distributions corn seedlings incubated in saturated atmosphere of CO2 -for 3 hours, and after transferring to normal condition for intervals 1,3 and 5 hours, after 2 C[14]alanine incorporation, was investigated. An increase in amino acids and sugars radioactivities was observed, with significant decrease in organic acids. Saturated atmosphere of Co2 leads to disorder in the function of kreb's cycle, which appeared as radioactivity accumulation in succinic acid and decrease the radioactivity of citric, malic, aconitic, and fumaric acids. Saturated atmosphere of Co2 affect in succinic acid dehydrogenase activity, which consequently lead to blok alanine oxidation to pynvie acid, and then through acids of kreb's cycle. Among amino acids, the radioactivity accumulation was detected in glutamic, alpha-amino butyric acid [10 folds], as compared to control. After 5 hours of transferring the seedlings to normal condition, the radioactivity of aspartic, asparagines, glutamic acids, and glycine + serine was returned to control level